{"id":121980,"date":"2024-04-10T05:03:22","date_gmt":"2024-04-10T05:03:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.controleng.com\/articles\/photonic-chips-advance-electronic-technologies\/"},"modified":"2025-04-23T19:03:13","modified_gmt":"2025-04-24T00:03:13","slug":"photonic-chips-advance-electronic-technologies","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.controleng.com\/photonic-chips-advance-electronic-technologies\/","title":{"rendered":"Photonic chips advance electronic technologies"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Photonic chip insights<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>The research signifies a shift towards compact and power-efficient devices that merge the functionalities of optics and electronics, promising advancements in radar, imaging, and high-precision navigation.<\/li>\n<li>This breakthrough builds on CU Boulder&#8217;s legacy in optical frequency combs, showcasing the potential for enhanced communication systems and cybersecurity through photonically-generated microwaves.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<p>Microwave and radio-frequency waves form the vast network that has transformed how people live, communicate and travel. This includes the GPS&#8217;s, cell phone conversations and the Wi-Fi networks. For more than 50 years, the techniques to make these invisible electromagnetic waves have largely remained unchanged.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_541555\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-541555\" style=\"width: 645px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-541555\" src=\"https:\/\/www.controleng.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/CTL2404_WEB_UC_Image-1.jpeg\" alt=\"he rainbow-colored chip from collaborators at CalTech and UC - Santa Barbara contains several integrated resonators used to generate narrow line-width lasers and frequency combs used in the photonic microwave oscillator. Courtesy: University of Colorado Boulder\" width=\"645\" height=\"486\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-541555\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">he rainbow-colored chip from collaborators at CalTech and UC &#8211; Santa Barbara contains several integrated resonators used to generate narrow line-width lasers and frequency combs used in the photonic microwave oscillator. Courtesy: University of Colorado-Boulder<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>However, in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41586-024-07058-z\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">recent findings<\/a>\u00a0published in the journal <em>Nature<\/em>, University of Colorado Boulder researchers introduce a new approach that leverages light and integrated photonics to generate microwave signals that could enable entirely new capabilities in communications, navigation and sensing.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cOur approach with integrated photonics provides a source of exceptionally pure microwaves in a power-efficient package that can be fabricated on tiny silicon chips,\u201d said Scott Diddams, professor in CU Boulder\u2019s Department of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering (ECEE).<\/p>\n<p>His research group led this effort together with colleagues from several universities and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST).<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe envision these photonic chips could ultimately enable higher capacity communications and the capability to better locate and map the world around us in a wide range of applications outside the lab,\u201d Diddams said.<\/p>\n<p>The integration of the approach in a photonic circuit on chip opens the possibility for compact and power-efficient devices that blur the boundary between optics and electronics for impactful engineering applications.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIf you were to open up your iPhone, there would be a computer chip that has billions of transistors controlling your phone,\u201d Diddams said. \u201cIn the future, we\u2019re going to have little chips of similar size, but with light going around them along with the electronic signals.\u201d<\/p>\n<h2>Building on the foundation of optical and electronic systems<\/h2>\n<p>This integration of optical and electronic systems to make low-noise microwave signals is an example of a transformation that is enabled by optical frequency combs.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_541556\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-541556\" style=\"width: 375px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-541556 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.controleng.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/CTL2404_WEB_UC_Image-2.jpeg\" alt=\"Groman and Kudelin working on the integrated photonic microwave oscillator in Diddams\u2019 lab. Courtesy: University of Colorado Boulder\" width=\"375\" height=\"500\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-541556\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Groman and Kudelin working on the integrated photonic microwave oscillator in Diddams\u2019 lab. Courtesy: University of Colorado Boulder<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Frequency combs function as a synthesizer allowing for the seamless translation between the optical and microwave domains of the electromagnetic spectrum. They were first developed for atomic timekeeping \u2014 work pioneered by John \u201cJan\u201d Hall, one of CU Boulder\u2019s four Nobel Prize laureates.<\/p>\n<p>Diddams, one of Hall\u2019s former postdoctoral researchers, has been working on frequency combs for more than 25 years. That led to the current breakthrough in integrated photonics.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cTo start in Jan\u2019s lab with benchtop experiments for the very first time,\u201d Diddams said, \u201cand now we see these technologies being miniaturized to fit on centimeter-sized chips is a beautiful story.\u201d<\/p>\n<h2>Advances in microwave technologies for societal impact<\/h2>\n<p>Integrated photonics provides new opportunities to advance communications systems, radar and imaging and high-precision navigation.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIf we want to detect the speed of aircraft flying toward us or even detect its shape, you can take images in the microwave domain,\u201d Diddams said.<\/p>\n<p>There are related applications in astronomy, said NIST physicist and ECEE adjoint professor Franklyn Quinlan, who is part of this effort.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cAstronomers observe the cosmos in the microwave and millimeter wave domains to create stunning images of black holes,\u201d Quinlan said. \u201cCreating these images requires tight synchronization of receivers spread across the globe.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Microwave generation using integrated optics has particular benefits for space-based astronomical imaging, where compact size and low power are critical.<\/p>\n<p>These same photonically-generated microwaves could also be used to enhance communication systems with higher capacity and new capabilities for cybersecurity.<\/p>\n<p>Planned extensions of the work will include wide and fast tuning of the microwave signals from 1 to greater than 100 GHz, which will increase the range of applications.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cUltimately, with our integrated photonics approach, you\u2019ll get a much cleaner picture or measurement with high-performance radar, imaging and navigational tools in the future,\u201d Diddams said.<\/p>\n<p>In a world that is rapidly changing, the way people communicate, connect and travel will continue evolving with it.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>University of Colorado Boulder researchers are using integrated photonics to generate microwave signals for improved communications, navigation and sensing technologies.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4779,"featured_media":121983,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"pgc_sgb_lightbox_settings":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[104075],"tags":[],"tracking-metrics":[],"display-location":[],"class_list":{"2":"type-post"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.9 - 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